Previous Section Next Section Forward genetic screensįorward genetic screens involve germline mutagenesis and subsequent breeding of male mice to obtain a collection of novel Of modifying the genome that were previously impractical or impossible with classical techniques. These not only promise an easier, more efficient means to traditional genetic ends, but are also opening the door to ways More recently, nuclease-mediated technologies such as CRISPR/Cas have led to a second explosion of techniques. That served as the basis for the myriad knockout, knock-in, knockdown, conditional, and lineage-tracing mouse models that Trap-mediated approaches, as well as classic homologous recombination-based targeting in mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs) The tools available to generate these alleles have been steadily expanded from forward genetic screens, to viral and gene Indeed, as of July 28, 2020, there were 64,204 mutant mouse alleles listed in the Mouse Genome Informatics (MGI) database. Humans, has made mice a favorite system for understanding the genetic underpinnings of mammalian development and human disease This ability, along with the fact that mice are mammals with substantial genetic similarity to Of several excellent books and reviews ( Russell 1985 Silver 1995 Paigen 2003 García-García 2020).Įven with these impressive genetic bona fides, the true potential of mouse genetics lies in the ability of the researcher A full accounting of the history of mouse genetic research is beyond the scope of this article, but has been the subject Modern genomic techniques now couple wild populations’ variations and selective pressures with molecular precision ( Harr et al. Alongside research using laboratory inbred strains, study of wild mouse populations led to important insights in immunity,Ĭancer, and adaptation ( Phifer-Rixey and Nachman 2015). Perhaps the most consequential endeavor, however, was the effort to understand the relationship between genetics and cancer,Īs this led to the establishment of many of today's inbred mouse strains as well as the founding of mouse genetic researchĬenters such as the Jackson Laboratory in 1929, Oak Ridge in 1943, MRC Harwell in 1947, and the National Institute of Genetics Of tail length and the T locus ( Silver 1995). Genetic basis of other variable traits such as histocompatibility, sex determination and X-inactivation, and classic studies White spotting allele W (an allele of the receptor tyrosine kinase Kit) was found to affect not only pigmentation but also hematopoiesis and fertility, for instance. One line of researchįurther explored the complicated genetics of pigmentation and the sometimes-surprising coincident phenotypes. Program because a monk had no business, frankly, breeding ( Paigen 2003).įollowing Cuénot's papers ( Cuénot 1902), genetic research using the mouse began in earnest, often through the study of spontaneous mouse mutants. Mendel himself had started down this same road fifty years earlier, only for his bishop to snuff out the nascent breeding The first in a series of papers describing Mendelian inheritance for mouse coat color characteristics ( Cuénot 1902). The origin of mice as a model systemįor genetic analysis, with intrinsic variable and heritable traits worthy of study, dates to 1902 when Lucien Cuénot published That hereditary information was transmitted only through germ cells: the sperm and egg. This result challenged Lamarckian inheritance and led Weismann to propose the germ theory of inheritance, which stated Removed the tails of mice, bred them, and found offspring with tails of normal length ( Weismann 1889). Nevertheless, the first genetic experiment using mice may have been performed in 1887 by August Weismann, who surgically The hobby of mouse fancying was exported to England and from there to the United States, where fancier stocks formed theīasis of many modern inbred strains ( Morse 1978). To 18th century Japan and China where local mouse and rat fanciers wrote guidebooks on how to raise these animals, includingĭetailed breeding strategies to obtain particular coat patterns ( Tokuda 1935 Kuramoto 2011). A case can be made that the tradition dates back even further The house mouse, Mus musculus, has been a tool of genetic inquiry for well over a century. Previous Section Next Section The origins of mice as a genetic system
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It jumps hurdles, leaps fences, penetrates walls to arrive at its destination full of hope. Pin My mission in life is not merely to survive, but to thrive and to do so with some passion, some compassion, some humor, and some style. A little can enhance the savour, but too much can spoil the pleasure and, under certain circumstances, can be life-threatening.” Maya Angelou Pin I’ve learned that making a living is not the same thing as making a life. It must be remembered, however, that jealousy in romance is like salt in food. Pin We may encounter many defeats, but we must not be defeated. Pin Never make someone a priority when all you are to them is an option. Pin It’s one of the greatest gifts you can give yourself, to forgive. Pin You may not control all the events that happen to you, but you can decide not to be reduced by them. If you can’t change it, change your attitude. You can practice any virtue erratically, but nothing consistently without courage.” Maya Angelou Pin If you don’t like something, change it. 12 of the Best Maya Angelou Quotes to Inspire YouĬourage is the most important of all the virtues, because without courage you can’t practice any other virtue consistently. Whether you’re seeking motivation, in need of empowerment, or simply a reader in search of wisdom, these quotes will touch your heart, ignite your spirit, and inspire you to rise above challenges. They encapsulate Angelou’s views on love, courage, self-respect, and the human spirit. These quotes are not just poignant phrases they are the profound reflections of a woman who faced adversity with courage, turned painful experiences into powerful lessons, and used her voice to advocate for equality and justice. A celebrated poet, memoirist, and civil rights activist, Angelou’s life and work continue to inspire millions around the globe. Maya Angelou – a name that resonates with wisdom, resilience, and the power of words. Learn more about how we test style and beauty products. Learn more about how our team of experts tests and reviews products at Insider here. Ashley is currently based in New York City. She graduated from the University of North Texas with a degree in merchandising. Prior to joining the editorial world, she was the owner and buyer of an independent clothing boutique. Her work has appeared in Cosmopolitan, Harper's Bazaar, Elle, Town&Country, and more. Before joining Insider, she spent five years reviewing products as the style and beauty editor for Hearst's, and before that, she was a copywriter for Neiman Marcus where she specialized in fine jewelry and accessories. It currently comes in two colors, ivory and olive green.Įach has a stand collar to help block out wind and one pocket on either the sleeve or the chest.Īshley is a style and beauty editor for Insider's Reviews team, where she spends her days monitoring the latest product launches, consulting experts on ingredients lists, and helping readers to identify which moisturizers and cashmere sweaters are worth investing in. Shop Patagonia Pullovers at DICKS Sporting Goods. The Snap-T is what I usually reach for before taking a long walk in Central Park. I often wear mine with jeans, while I wear the Better Sweater exclusively with athletic leggings. The Quilted Snap-T has a boxier fit and a casual style that looks at home with jeans and sneakers. Patagonia Womens Quilted Pullover Sweater Small Beige Organic Cotton Crew Neck. Patagonia W’s Re-Tool Snap-T Fleece Pullover Sz L. Patagonia Womens Better Sweater® 1/4-Zip Winter in Birch White Fall 2016. I wore mine après-ski, but it would be a great base layer to wear while hitting the slopes. This heritage-inspired version of Patagonias classic Snap-T Pullover is made of a soft organic cotton/polyester blend for everyday layering and warmth. Patagonia better sweater 1/4 zip Gray XS. The Quilted Snap-T's chest pocket is functional but mostly decorative.īoth of these Patagonia pullovers are excellent options for wearing at home or for running around town, but I've found they differ slightly when it comes to outdoor activities.Īs I mentioned, the Better Sweater's recycled fleece is more durable, and it also has a sportier fit, making it a better option for more strenuous hikes or runs. The Better Sweater's zip pocket is perfectly sized for a credit card. It’s like reading the dictionary - you may have all the words, but a normal block of text is going to have some words a lot (“a,” “the,” “monkey”) and some words almost never (“proprioceptive,” “batrachian,” “fustian.”) That’s because they’re each written to test one feature, but not set up according to which features are used the most, or in what combination. If you get lots of them together (example: Ruby’s benchmarks directory) then it still won’t tell you much. If you want to know how fast Ruby is overall, a microbenchmark won’t tell you much. Microbenchmarks: ProblemsĪ good microbenchmark measures one small, specific thing. You don’t do much setup, and it doesn’t usually take long to run. each loop, an Integer plus or a map) a microbenchmark can measure that very exactly while measuring almost nothing else.Ī well-tuned microbenchmark can often detect very tiny changes, especially when running many iterations per step (see “Writing Good Microbenchmarks” below.) If you see a result like “this optimization speeds up Ruby loops by half of one percent", you’re pretty certainly looking at the result of a microbenchmark.Īnother advantage of running just one small piece of code is that it’s usually easy and fast. If you want to see how fast a particular tiny Ruby operation is (e.g. The code being timed is generally tiny, simple and specific.Įach one is a perfect example of a microbenchmark: it tests very little code, sometimes just a single Ruby operation. The Ruby language has a bunch of microbenchmarks that ship right in the language - a benchmarks directory that’s a lot like a test directory, but for speed. The easiest size of benchmark to talk about is a very small benchmark, or microbenchmark. Knowing what can go wrong in benchmarks is like learning to spot bad statistics: it’s not easy, but some practice and a few useful principles can help you out a lot. But you may prefer to read it because you use benchmarks for Ruby - if you read the results or run them. I talk about this because I write benchmarks for Ruby. Along the way, we’ll talk about benchmarks that are not microbenchmarks and how to pick a scale/size for a specific benchmark. I’ve mentioned a few times recently that something is a “microbenchmark.” What does that mean? Is it good or bad? There are many reasons for many of us to have our favorite music in our Android device downloaded in MP3 format: poor internet connections, limitations on data plans, or just because it’s convenient! With Snaptube you can convert music videos into MP3 format to download them and have them available at any time. Yes, Snaptube basically can work as a kind of content aggregator. Snaptube is also the tool used by users that don’t want to have too many apps installed on their devices, since with Snaptube, you can log in, access, and download content from many platforms like YouTube, Instagram, Vimeo, TikTok, Twitter, and many more! So, once you’ve got Snaptube installed, you can get rid of the other apps in order to save that valuable space on your Android device. In case you don’t want to download videos or music, but just stream it, Snaptube offers an incredibly fast loading speed, exactly as if you were using the native app of the service! If you worry about quality, Snaptube offers you top-notch definition since you can choose to stream or download videos in a wide range of resolutions: from 240P to 4K to watch and download at your convenience. On top of that, with Snaptube you can download and convert videos into MP3 to have your favorite songs available for you at all times! Snaptube is an app to easily download videos from major platforms like YouTube, Facebook, TikTok, Instagram, WhatsApp (and many more) into your Android device. The new Postman app also supports collections of tests that can be run as a suite. Previously, I had worked with Postman interactively, testing endpoints with individual requests and getting responses. In order to test these services, I often use Postman. Often these services are exposed as REST endpoints for an application tier. When integrating data from silos, the source data format can be preserved or transformed. It provides native storage for JSON, XML, RDF, geospatial, and large binaries so it can easily consume and produce both JSON and XML. MarkLogic’s multi-model databases leverage the inherent structure of the data being stored. As a data hub, MarkLogic receives data from many data sources, and stores them in a single accessible hub. MarkLogic Server can fit into an architecture in a variety of ways. Learn MoreĪs a MarkLogic developer, I often use Postman to send requests to the MarkLogic server. Semaphore AI Technology Create and manage metadata and transform information into meaningful, actionable intelligence with Semaphore, our no-code metadata engine.A database, search engine, data integration tool, and more, all rolled into one. MarkLogic Server Unlock value from complex data and power new opportunities with MarkLogic Server.MarkLogic Data Platform Simplify your most complex data challenges, unlock value, and achieve data agility with the MarkLogic Data Platform. So the surface area of this figure is 544. 7 m Find the surface area, including The formula for finding a triangular prisms volume is the area of the triangle (Width x Height x 1/2) times the depth. So one plus nine is ten, plus eight is 18, plus six is 24, and then you have two plus two plus one is five. To open it up into this net because we can make sure We get the surface area for the entire figure. And then you have thisīase that comes in at 168. You can say, side panels, 140 plus 140, that's 280. 12 times 12 is 144 plus another 24, so it's 168. Step 3: Perform the necessary calculations and express the value of the prism in cubic units. Step 2: Find the volume of the prism using the formula V B × H V B × H, where V denotes the volume, B denotes the area of the base and H is the height of the prism. Region right over here, which is this area, which is Step 1: Note down the given dimensions of the prism. Just have to figure out the area of I guess you can say the base of the figure, so this whole Triangular Prism Surface Area Example Problem 2. And so the area of each of these 14 times 10, they are 140 square units. A 123.31 The surface area of the right-angled triangular prism is 123.31. Online calculators and formulas for a surface area and other geometry problems. Calculate the unknown defining side lengths, circumferences, volumes or radii of a various geometric shapes with any 2 known variables. Now we can think about the areas of I guess you can consider Calculator online for a the surface area of a capsule, cone, conical frustum, cube, cylinder, hemisphere, square pyramid, rectangular prism, triangular prism, sphere, or spherical cap. It would be this backside right over here, but Step 1: Copy down the formula for surface area in your notes. You can't see it in this figure, but if it was transparent, if it was transparent, Use the formule SA bh +pH to solve for the surface area of a triangular prism. Triangle angle calculator Triangle area calculator Perimeter of a triangle. So that's going to be 48 square units, and up here is the exact same thing. Formula to calculate the area of a triangle: The given sides are a, b, and c. Thing as six times eight, which is equal to 48 whatever Here is going to be one half times the base, so times 12, times the height, times eight. Of this, right over here? Well in the net, thatĬorresponds to this area, it's a triangle, it has a base So what's first of all the surface area, what's the surface area We can just figure out the surface area of each of these regions. So the surface area of this figure, when we open that up, Show answer The surface area of the prism is made up of five faces, which are two right-angled triangles and three rectangles. And when you open it up, it's much easier to figure out the surface area. Question 2: Find the total surface area of the triangular prism. So if you were to open it up, it would open up into something like this. Where I'm drawing this red, and also right over hereĪnd right over there, and right over there and also in the back where you can't see just now, it would open up into something like this. Area of the two base triangles 2 × (1/2 × base of the triangle × height of the triangle) which simplifies to base × height (bh). Therefore, you can double this formula to find the area of both triangular faces at once which results in the formula 2 (1 2 b h). Remember, you can use a formula to calculate the area of a pair of faces. It was made out of cardboard, and if you were to cut it, if you were to cut it right First, find the area of the two triangular faces. For example, if you are starting with mm and you know r and h in mm, your calculations will result with V in mm 3 and S in mm 2.īelow are the standard formulas for surface area.Video is get some practice finding surface areas of figures by opening them up intoĪbout it is if you had a figure like this, and if This shape has a square base with 4 4 triangular sides. A triangular prism has 2 2 triangular faces on the ends that are connected by three rectangles faces. Look for the characteristics of a triangular prism. The units are in place to give an indication of the order of the results such as ft, ft 2 or ft 3. Look at the shape below and determine if it is a triangular prism or not. Units: Note that units are shown for convenience but do not affect the calculations. Step 3: So, the volume of triangular prism is calculated as, V. Substitute the given value of base area and length in the formula. Step 2: We know that the volume of a triangular prism is equal to B × l. In this example, the base area of the prism is 100 sq. Online calculator to calculate the surface area of geometric solids including a capsule, cone, frustum, cube, cylinder, hemisphere, pyramid, rectangular prism, sphere, spherical cap, and triangular prism Step 1: Note the base area and length of the triangular prism. There are of course other producers for this period, but even if you choose to limit yourself to Spectre Miniatures you will be painting and collecting to your heart's content for quite a while.ġ/32 (1) 1/48 (1) 1/72 (21) 10mm (6) 15mm (2) 1600 (1) 18th century (3) 2022 (1) 20mm (14) 28mm (69) 28mm. Last but not least the ruleset is supported by one of the best 28mm modern miniatures ranges on the market at this time: Spectre Miniatures. It covers all known protagonists of the current age as well as all the weapons one might wish to use in a game. Playing time could be anything from an hour up to a day depending on how big you want your game. This results in an immersive tabletop wargame that plays like one feels a modern engagement should play out on a wargames table. It has a very flexible game mechanism that enables it to do anything one would expect to encounter on the modern battlefield. It now has an excellent rulebook to support it. Spectre is an accessible game, quick playing and able to handle (but not needing) quite large numbers of miniatures and vehicles. The rules include the use of all kinds of vehicles and other equipment. Vehicles are equally simple to use, behaving like big models and having a few special rules to handle things like (un)boarding and armour.Īdvanced rules are provided to represent special situations like weather conditions or covert operations. They must be managed carefully as otherwise they will slowly paralyze your force and make you lose all Initiative until units are pinned or routed. While Suppression points start at zero each turn, Suppression levels stay and can only be lowered by Rally Commands. Second, Suppression levels severely limit the effectiveness of members of the suppressed unit, as they will lose skill points and movement when suppression levels mount. First, the Level of your units' Suppression counts against your Initiative roll for the entire next turn. This has an enormous influence on the game. Failure will result in a higher Suppression Level. As soon as a Force's point total equals its commanders' Command skill the unit must test against that Command skill. Units gain Suppression points when their members are being shot at. This prevents the need for extensive skill tables and such and results in an elegantly simple mechanism that can tackle virtually anything. Command is used by tests of willpower for example, while Agility is used when performing physical tasks. However this is elegantly done by reducing any weapon to a small number of stats: range, lethality and one or two special rules like Rapid Fire (more shots per salvo) and such.Īll kinds of actions can be tested by using the stats given to each figure. Virtually any kind of weapon used by Man can be handled by the weapon lists. Models can be killed instantly or become wounded and more or less incapacitated. The shoot system is an opposed die roll of Shooting skill plus die vs Defence plus die. And all these things might be interrupted or enhanced by Command driven actions.įinally troops may combat by shooting, throwing grenades and fighting melee (in that order). Players may move their troops in Initiative order and may perform Tactical actions before or after movement like running, sneaking, breaching doors or whatever seems fitting given the situation or scenario. This enables larger numbers of troops to take special actions in the phases to come, like Overwatch fire (during the opponents movement phase), breaking up squads into smaller squads, Rallying or scanning for hidden stuff. In this phase Commanders may issue orders to troops they can communicate with if they can test successfully for Command. The role of commanders and/or highly trained troops comes into play through the second phase of the turn the Command phase. The highest score starts each phase of that turn. In the first phase Initiative is determined by a die roll plus the highest Command value in each force minus Suppression effects. 9 Department of Clinical Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.8 Department of Clinical Laboratory, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China.7 Department of Clinical Laboratory, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China. 6 New South Wales Health Pathology, Regional and Rural, Orange Hospital, Orange, NSW, Australia.5 School of Biomedical Sciences, Charles Sturt University, Orange, NSW, Australia.4 Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.3 State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
Gone are the dedicated Talk and End buttons, but you still get the home, menu, back, and jump keys. We miss the soft-touch finish found on the previous Sidekick, but you do get a textured surface on back along the left and right side, making it easier to grip the device when you're using the keyboard.Īnother aspect taken from the old Sidekicks are the four navigation controls that occupy each corner of the handset. It will then go on sale to the general public on May 13, with the very first units out of the factory going to those who pre-ordered.The Sidekick 4G has a plastic construction and feels relatively lightweight but solid. The 2009 Sidekick LX is available now for pre-order, but for existing customers only. In general, it's a well-designed phone that feels great. However, its relatively cheap and uncomfortable feel doesn't match the rest of the phone. Granted, the trackball is the primary navigation control, and the d-pad does seem functional and reliable enough. The only control that didn't feel up to par was the d-pad, on the left. The keyboard feels as good as most previous Sidekicks. T-Mobile told us that Sharp has engineered this new Sidekick LX to be much more durable than past models, and T-Mobile is holding them to it with much more rigorous durability tests. The body feels noticeably slimmer, and the build quality feels excellent. The new Sidekick LX looks and feel great. The Sidekick series has developed a large following among the hearing-impaired community, and the Sidekick engineers have wisely kept them in mind with the design of the new model by placing lights at the edges of the face for visual notification of incoming messages and calls. When zoomed all the way out, I still had no problem reading all of the text on. The boosted screen resolution is a major boon in the browser. If however, you'd rather not juggle two calendars, two email inboxes, and two lists of contacts, you're out of luck. If you like to keep you business and personal lives as separate as possible, this is great. It provides full email, calendar, and contacts functionality, but each is kept separate from the main Sidekick email, calendar, and contacts, which are intended to be for personal info. On the business side, you'll find a Microsoft Exchange app you can download for a small fee. You can migrate contact info, but it's a manual contact-by-contact thing, not true sync. First, it includes apps for Facebook, MySpace, and Twitter. Taking a cue from the competing Virgin/Helio Ocean, the new Sidekick LX has better service integration on both the social and business sides. The camera software is much improved, with one of the most intuitive and advanced camera interfaces we've seen on a non-touch-screen phone. This is also the first Sidekick with a serious camera: 3.2-megapixel, with auto-focus, LED flash, and video capture. There is also a microSD memory card slot, which can accept large-capacity microSDHC cards. Moving down the feature list, one key addition is GPS, which integrates well with the included Microsoft Live Search app. Sharp tells us that most third-party Java apps should scale well to the new display resolution, except for ones that draw bitmaps (games, mostly). It's the highest resolution display available in any phone to date, that we know of. It's similar to the WVGA displays on the new HTC Touch Pro2 and LG Arena, but adds a few extra pixels of width to give it a true 16:9 aspect ratio. Sharp calls this FWVGA, or Full-Wide VGA. The physical size of the screen has been bumped up a tad to 3.2 inches, and the resolution has been bumped way up, to 854 x 480 pixels. The 2009 LX is the first Sidekick with 3G, and also the thinnest Sidekick to date. |
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